What is
it?
|
Laundry
soap is an item of daily necessity and
essentially a mass consumption item.
|
|
|
It
is used for washing clothes.
|
What can I earn? (gross,
net)
|
|
You can earn
appropriate profit.
|
What is the market
for it?
|
|
Laundry soap is a
daily need of every individual. It has a widespread
clientele with the major user being the washerman (dhobi) |
|
|
In the villages the demand is very high compared to the
current production. |
|
|
Hence there is a very
good scope for new investment in this field. |
What is
required? (raw
materials, skills, technology)
|
|
A small room to operate
and some easily available oils and acids. |
|
|
No specific skill is
required. |
How much
will it cost to set up? And run?
|
|
You
require a working capital of about Rs.25,000 per month ,
while a fixed capital of about Rs.2 lakhs |
Can
someone help? (training, tech. support, loans, raw
material, and marketing)
|
|
One
could contact
the DIC ( District industries centre) for further
information, if in India or the parallel body in
your country. |
See Manual For Details
Manual
The enterprise
Laundry soap is an
item of daily necessity and essentially a mass consumption item.
Even though synthetic detergents are assuming importance day by
day the demand for or the in-take pattern of laundry soap has
not shown any decreasing trend.This industry is ideally suited
for dispersal and can be easily started even in a village to
meet local requirements.
Raw material
requirement ( basis
500 kgs. Per day)
| 1 |
Rosin, Tallow and other
non-edible oils such as Mahua, Rice Bran,
Neem oil, Tobacco seed oil etc. |
450
Kgs. |
| 2 |
Caustic Soda |
75
Kgs. |
| 3 |
Sodium Silicate |
225
Kgs. |
The requirement of Caustic Soda
for conversion of any particular oil fat mixture to soap can be
computed with the help of the following table :
|
Oil fat |
Caustic soda
requirement
( % by
weight) |
|
Tallow |
13.7 14.4 |
|
Mahua fat |
13.4 14.0 |
|
Palm oil |
14.0 14.4 |
|
Hardened vegetable oil |
14.4 14.6 |
|
Coconut oil |
17.5 17.7 |
|
Palm Kernel oil |
17.3 18.0 |
|
Groundnut oil |
13.2 14.0 |
|
Cotton seed oil |
13.9 14.0 |
|
Neem oil |
13.9 14.0 |
|
Castor oil |
13.1 13.4 |
|
Karanja oil |
13.2 13.3 |
Process Outline
There are three
main conventional methods of producing Laundry soap, namely
 |
Cold Process |
Suitable for
manufacturers having small capital outlay
|
Semi Boiled Process |
|
Fully Boiled Process |
P.S.
(Cold process requires good quality of oils and fats having
higher sponification value.)
SEMI BOILED
PROCESS
|
Oil is taken in a pan which is
heated by fire wood or coal slowly to melt fat |
|
Caustic Soda solution of
required concentration is then added in small quantities at
a time |
|
A moderate heat is maintained
and each addition of caustic soda solution is allowed to
react with the oils, before the next addition is made
(a hasty
addition of caustic soda solution may result in graining)
|
|
If the mass shows signs of
separating or graining, then further water should be added to
bring the oil charge to a homogeneous state |
|
During this process some kind of
a fatty layer emerges on top of the charge some amount of
this soapy scrap should be added to the next lot on the pan to
that the saponification proceeds smoothly
( it takes
about half an hour before the saponification takes a visible
shape depending on the type of oils and fats used.)
|
|
The soap charge is boiled
under controlled conditions that is, ensuring a good
boiling to complete the saponification process and at the
same time preventing an over-boiling |
|
The mass thickens, gets
increasingly transparent and finally assumes a peculiar
shiny translucent surface free from froth |
|
If any colours are to be added
to the soap these should be incorporated before closing the
boiling operation. |
|
Perfumes, if any, may be added
after the soap charge in the pan has become a bit cool |
|
After the builders and fillers
are added and thoroughly crutched in, the soap is
transferred to frames for subsequent cooling and cutting. |
Equipment and
Machinery
|
Bottle kettles, hemispherical
mild steel or cast iron plates having thickness 1.8",
6.5 diameter and 2.5 depth (5 Nos.) |
|
Cylindrical pans with circular
plates at the bottom ( 4 Nos.) |
|
Stirring Ladles ( 6 Nos.) |
|
Soap cooling frames made of
thick iron sheets (10 Nos.) |
|
Soap cutting machine complete
with an adjustable device to vary length size (3 Nos.) |
|
Soap stamping machines ( 2
Nos.) |
COST ANALYSIS
(Basis : 300 kgs. Of Laundry Soap per day)
| 1 |
Covered area required |
150 sq.m.(in RS.)
|
| 2 |
Land and building |
1,00,000 |
| 3 |
Plant and machinery |
75,000 |
| 4 |
Fixed capital |
1,75,000 |
| 5 |
Working capital for one month |
25,000 |
| 6 |
Working capital for 3 months |
75,000 |
| 7 |
Total capital investment |
2,50,000 |
| 8 |
Cost of production per annum |
3,50,000 |
| 9 |
Receipt per annum |
4,72,000 |
| 10 |
Break Even point |
78% |
| 11 |
Profit per annum |
62,500 |
| 12 |
Rate of return |
25% |
|
