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Sustainable
Development
can be defined as "the development of
natural resources to meet the immediate needs of the
present population, without hampering the requirements of
future generations as well as endangering the ecology and
environment as such i.e., to take into account the local
and global effects to arrive at an optimal solution for
meeting the basic aspirations of the affected people.
Sustainable
Livelihoods is
a way of thinking about the objectives, scope and
priorities for development, in order to enhance
progress in poverty alleviation. SL aims to help
poor people achieve lasting improvements against
the indicators of poverty that they define. The
premise is that the effectiveness of development
activity can be improved through:s
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systematic
- but manageable - analysis of poverty and its
causes;
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taking a wider and better informed view of the
opportunities for development activity, their
likely impact and 'fit' with livelihood
priorities; and
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placing people and the priorities they define
firmly at the centre of analysis and
objective-setting. |
Poverty-focused
development activity should be:
People-centered:
sustainable
poverty alleviation will be achieved only if
external support focuses on what matters to
people, understands the differences between groups
of people and works with them in a way that is
congruent with their current livelihood
strategies, social environment and ability to
adapt.
Responsive
and participatory:
Poor people
themselves must be key actors in identifying and
addressing livelihood priorities. Outsiders need
processes that enable them to listen and respond
to the poor.
Multi-level:
poverty
alleviation is an enormous challenge that will
only be overcome by working at multiple levels,
ensuring that micro-level activity informs the
development of policy and an effective enabling
environment, and that macro-level structures and
processes support people to build upon their own
strengths.
Conducted in
partnership: with
both the public and the private sector.
Sustainable:
there are
four key dimensions to sustainability - economic,
institutional, social and environmental
sustainability. All are important - a balance must
be found between them.
Dynamic:
external
support must recognize the dynamic nature of
livelihood strategies, respond flexibly to changes
in people’s situation, and develop longer - term
commitments.
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Environmentally Sound
Appropriate Technology (ESAT)
The definition of ESAT adopted in this inventory is :
"All techniques, processes and products which reduce,
avoid or prevent any negative impact on the
environment".
ESAT is understood to be a form of intervention that
accomplishes an improvement to the environment with
respect to an existing (Unsound) situation. The technology
and form of intervention considered here is industry
-based. The intervention has an impact on the entire cycle
of use of the natural resource base through the
exploration for and extraction of raw materials, their
transformation into products, the energy consumed, the
generation of waste and pollutants, and the use and
disposal of products by consumers.
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Source:
Sustainable
development : Edited by N L Gupta and R K Gurjar. Rawat
Publication; Jaipur, 1993. Pp.1
Sustainable
Livelihoods : Ashley, Caroline and Carney, Diana.
Sustainable livelhoods: Lessons from early experience.
Department for International Development; London, 1999.
Pp.6-7
ESAT : TOOL.
Inventory of Environmental Sound Technologies (EST) within
DGIS projects. Tool; Amsterdam, 1993. Pp.5
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