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REGIONAL INITIATIVES
Initiatives and success stories, best practices
Africa
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The water situation in Dakar: Institutions
and Norms
Annex No 9
Characteristics of the neighbourhoods in Dakar according
to quality of life standards
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Neighbourhoods |
Characteristics |
Observations |
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Rich Neighbourhoods :
Fann Residence and
Allées du Centennaire
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Demographic Characteristics:
Residential neighbourhood of good standing
Low fertility rate
Less than five residents per household
High level of education
Revenue and Expenses:
High average monthly revenue (> 333,000 F)
70% of workers employed in the public or private sectors
Average monthly expenses (consumption) per household >100,000F
Average monthly expenses (non consumption) per household
>200,000F
Luxury items:
Number of households with a telephone and vehicle: >40%
Number of households with a television: >90%
Number of households with water and electricity connections:
>90%
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Previously known as the "european" quarter, Fann
Residence is almost exclusively settled by the upper/rich classes
(Ministers, Company Directors, Diplomats, etc.)
The Allées Centenaires has benefited from the implementation of
structural development policies (BHS, BCEAO, Communal Building,
etc.). It has also developed an important financial and commercial
zone along de Gaulle Boulevard, which has brought a net improvement
to the revenue of the area.
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Upper Class Neighbourhoods:
Dakar Plateau, Point E, Amitié, Fann Hock, Mermoz, Dieuppeul,
Liberté, Sacré-Coeur, Sicap Karack, Baobab
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Demographic Characteristics:
Planned neighbourhoods
Relatively low fertility rate
Average number of people per household between 5 and 7
High level of education
Revenue and Expenses:
Appreciable average monthly revenue between 200,000F and 300,000F
50% workers employed in the public or private sectors
Average monthly expenses (consumption) per household between 60
to 100,000F
Average monthly expenses (non consumption) per household between
150 and 200,000F
Luxury Items:
Number of households with a telephone and vehicle: between 30-40%
Number of households with a television or refrigerator: >70%
Number of households with water and electricity connections:
>80%
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The neighbourhoods in this group show many similarities. They are
dominated by the residences of High Commissioners, Professors and
other high-salaried professionals. Relatively few non-African
residents. |
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Middle Class Neighbourhoods:
HLM, Derklé, Colobane, Guédiawaye B (HLM Las Palmas Golf Nord
et Sud) Pikine A (Sotiba, Icotaf, Fass Marigot)
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Demographic Characteristics:
High fertility rate
Seven people per household
Relative importance of newly arrived citizens
Level of malnutrition among children (6 to 59 months) between 10
and 20%
Revenue and Expenses
Average monthly revenue between 100 and 150,000F
50% workers employed in the public or private sector
Average monthly expenses (consumption) per household between 50
and 60,000F
Average monthly expenses (non consumption) between 100 and
150,000F
Luxury Items:
Number of households with telephone: 15%
Number of households with vehicle: between 5 and 10%
Number of households with television: between 30 and 50%
Number of households with refrigerator: between 30-40%
Number of households with water and electricity connection: |
The quality of life in these neighbourhoods depends on the
particular location and whether the occupant is the owner of the
property or simply a tenant. However, in all areas an effort has
been made to improve hygiene conditions and to beautify the
neighbourhoods, which demonstrates the desire of the residents in
maintaining and/or improving their quality of life. |
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Poor Neighbourhoods:
Pikine B (except Icotaf and Sotiba), Médina, Reubeuss, Ouakam,
Yoff |
Demographic Characteristics:
Very high fertility rate
Average number of people per household = 9
Large number of newly arrived citizens
Low education level
High level of malnutrition among children (6 to 59 months)
Revenue and Expenses
Average monthly revenue between 50 and 100,000F
Less than 50% workers employed in the public or private sector
Average monthly expenses (consumption) per household between 40
and 50,000F
Average monthly expenses (non consumption) between 50 and
100,000F
Luxury Items:
Number of households with telephone: <15%
Number of households with vehicle: < 5%
Number of households with television and refrigerator: < 30%
Number of households with water and electricity connection:
<60% |
These neighbourhoods are currently confronting problems related
to the ageing and ??? of the infrastructure, which further degrades
the available revenue base. Furthermore, the wastewater disposal
system, which is already taxed by high population densities in some
locations (Médina), poses a serious threat to public health and
safety. |
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Very Poor Neighbourhoods:
Guédiawaye (except HLM Las Palmas, Golf Nord et Sud), Gounass,
Guinaw Rail, Thiaroye, Diamaguéne, Yeumbeul |
Demographic Characteristics:
Very high fertility rate
Average number of people per household > 9
Large number of newly arrived citizens
Very low education level <40%
Very high level of malnutrition among children (6 to 59 months)
> 40%
Revenue and Expenses
Average monthly revenue < 80,000F
Few workers employed in the public or private sector
Very high level of informal employment > 50%
Average monthly expenses (consumption) per household between <
40,000F
Average monthly expenses (non consumption) < 50,000F
Luxury Items:
Number of households with telephone: < 5%
Number of households with vehicle: < 2%
Number of households with television: < 20%
Number of households with refrigerator: < 10%
Number of households with water connection: < 20%
Number of households with electricity connection: < 40% |
Spontaneously planned or unplanned, these neighbourhoods are
characterized by the absence of ???, the lack of water and
sanitation systems, as well as solid waste collection and disposal
services. These neighbourhoods demonstrate all the necessary
conditions for the emergence and proliferation of hygiene-related
diseases. |
Source: Ministry of Urban Affairs: Urban Poverty: The Case of Dakar’s
Neighbourhoods, ARDIS, 1999
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